Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide. However, with the proper lifestyle modifications and treatment plan, it can be effectively managed.
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition that affects how your body metabolizes glucose (sugar), an essential energy source. In type 2 diabetes, your body either resists the effects of insulin — a hormone that regulates the movement of sugar into your cells — or doesn't produce enough insulin to maintain normal glucose levels.
While this form of diabetes can occur at any age, it's most often diagnosed in adults and is associated with a sedentary lifestyle, poor diet and obesity. Unlike type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune condition, type 2 diabetes is largely preventable and manageable through lifestyle changes.
Type 2 diabetes primarily develops as a result of obesity and lack of exercise, and it's more common in people who carry their excess weight around the abdomen. A combination of resistance to insulin and insufficient production of insulin leads to high blood sugar levels.
Genetics also play a significant role in developing type 2 diabetes, and specific gene mutations may make individuals more susceptible to the disease. Moreover, type 2 diabetes increases if a close family member has the disease.
Managing type 2 diabetes involves significant lifestyle changes. It's crucial to work with your healthcare provider to create a diabetes management plan that fits your personal health goals and lifestyle. This plan might include monitoring your blood sugar levels, taking prescribed medications, regular physical activity and making smart dietary choices.
The signs of type 2 diabetes often develop slowly, sometimes over several years. This slow onset means that you might not notice the symptoms initially. They can include:
If you're experiencing any of these symptoms, it's essential to consult a healthcare provider.
Diagnosis of type 2 diabetes generally involves blood tests, including fasting blood sugar tests, hemoglobin A1C tests, and sometimes oral glucose tolerance tests. These tests evaluate your body's ability to manage glucose.
While there's no cure for type 2 diabetes, it can often be managed through a combination of lifestyle changes, oral medications and sometimes insulin. Modifications may include a healthier diet, regular physical activity, and maintaining a healthy weight.
